Issue Accounting Treatment Of Merchandise Accounting Items

Some enterprises have become more and more intense because of the market competition, and the products have changed from the seller's market to the buyer's market.

When it is sold to some large stores or supermarkets, usually in order to maintain good sales and marketing relations, usually after sales of goods, it will take a month or a few months to settle accounts, and the use of such monthly closing 30 days or 90 days or even longer means to occupy the funds of the upstream enterprises, so that the funds of the upstream enterprises are difficult to use.

At the same time, if the upstream enterprises are not properly agreed on the sales contract and the financial treatment is not clear, they will not only be occupied by the downstream enterprises, but may also have to generate capital related to the turnover tax and income tax. This is undoubtedly a headache for the upstream enterprises.

As I know, most of the upstream enterprises begin with the way of dealing with this part of the business, and make the following analysis on the accounting of the goods issued by the enterprises from the tax standpoint.

If an enterprise sends a batch of goods to a shopping mall, the store will receive a confirmation of 1 million yuan in the same month, and the rest will not be confirmed until 90 days later.

The goods sold without tax are 2 million yuan and cost 1 million 600 thousand yuan.

There are three general ways of dealing with the above products:

Mode 1: Invoicing and confirming revenue when sending goods.

Accounting treatment:

Borrowing: accounts receivable 2 million 340 thousand

Loan: main business income 2 million

Taxes payable - VAT payable - sales tax 340 thousand

Borrow: main business cost 1 million 600 thousand

Loan: inventory merchandise 1 million 600 thousand

Tax appropriation for commodities:

Value added tax: 17-80*17%=3.4 million

Urban construction tax and education fee plus =3.4 million * (5%+3%) =0.272 million

Income tax: (100-80-0.272) *25%=4.932 million yuan.

Taxes occupy capital =3.4 million +0.272 million +4.932 million =8.604 million

Mode 1 Analysis: when an enterprise

When shopping malls were not fully confirmed, the rest was only a form of escrow stored in the temporary storage area of the store, and only when sold on the market, the shopping malls were confirmed to be stocked.

When issuing goods, the enterprise invoices and recognizes the revenue. Its advantage is that no matter how the enterprise contracts with the shopping malls, the accounting will not have any tax risks.

However, it brings a lot of negative effects to enterprises: (1) taxes occupy an additional capital of 86 thousand and 40 yuan (such as value-added tax, urban construction tax and education surcharge, income tax, etc.); second, accounting does not conform to the provisions on income recognition of the Enterprise Accounting Standards No. fourteenth - revenue; thirdly, the VAT invoices issued are difficult to maintain, because enterprises are not allowed to purchase goods in the market when they open the invoice, but the shopping centers generally do not deduct the value added tax, which will make it difficult to maintain the VAT invoices already issued.

4. When a refund occurs, the accounting and tax treatment will be troublesome when the sales are processed and the relevant taxes have been paid.

Mode two: enterprises usually confirm revenue and invoke according to the purchase amount confirmed by the store, and the difference will be reflected in the "goods issue" subject at the end of the year, but no tax will be confirmed.

Accounting treatment:

When goods are issued at ordinary times,

Borrow: issue goods 1 million 600 thousand

Loan: inventory merchandise 1 million 600 thousand

When shopping malls confirm the purchase of 1 million, the enterprise will open the ticket according to the confirmation amount of the store and confirm the revenue:

Borrow: bank deposit 1 million 170 thousand

Loan: main business income 1 million

Tax payable - value added tax - output tax 170 thousand

Borrow: main business cost 800 thousand

Loan: issue goods 800 thousand

Tax appropriation for commodities:

Since the tax obligation arising out of the goods has not been recognized, there is no tax fund occupation.

The balance of the "goods issue" subject at the end of the year is =160-80=80 million and is listed in the balance sheet "inventory".

Mode two analysis: an enterprise recognizes the realization of the revenue and invoices when it confirms the purchase. It recognizes the difference between the difference between the shopping mall and the shopping mall as "issuing goods". The advantage of this method is: from the financial standpoint, it meets the conditions for the income recognition of the accounting Standards No. fourteenth - income.

The drawback is that if the payment method and payment time are not specified in the sales contract of the enterprise and the shopping mall, the tax authorities will be deemed to be the risk of delaying the tax payment. For example, the Provisional Regulations of the value-added tax stipulate that the commodities issued by the taxpayer shall be on the same day as the day when the goods are issued or on the date of the agreed payment date.

On the same day as the date of issuance of the goods or the date of collection of the contract, consignment sales shall be the time for tax payment on the day when the list of goods sold on the Commission is received, and the specific enterprise shall confirm it on the terms of the contract with the purchaser.

In this way, when the company signs sales contracts with shopping malls, it will be very important to agree on the payment methods and time.

If the contract is not stipulated, it shall be sold directly according to the tax law, regardless of the accounting date on the enterprise accounting, and the time when the duty is paid on the day when the goods are issued.

Mode three: an enterprise usually recognizes the revenue and invoices according to the purchase amount confirmed by the shopping mall. The difference is usually reflected in the "goods issue" subject, and only when the end of the year is determined will the tax be confirmed.

Accounting treatment:

When goods are issued at ordinary times,

Borrow: issue goods 1 million 600 thousand

Loan: inventory merchandise 1 million 600 thousand

When shopping malls confirm the purchase of 1 million, the enterprise will open the ticket according to the confirmation amount of the store and confirm the revenue:

Borrow: bank deposit 1 million 170 thousand

Loan: main business income 1 million

Tax payable - value added tax - output tax 170 thousand

Borrow: main business cost 800 thousand

Loan: issue goods 800 thousand

At the end of the year, the difference between the "issued goods" will be recognised and paid.

Borrowing: accounts receivable 170 thousand

Loan: tax payable - value added tax - output tax 170 thousand.

Tax appropriation for commodities:

Value added tax: 17-80*17%=3.4 million

Urban construction tax and education fee plus =3.4 million * (5%+3%) =0.272 million

Income tax: (100-80-0.272) *25%=4.932 million yuan.

Taxes occupy capital =3.4 million +0.272 million +4.932 million =8.604 million

The balance of the "goods issue" subject 800 thousand is shown in the balance sheet "inventory".

At the same time, the 170 thousand of the invoice tax is reflected in the accounts receivable.

Mode three analysis: enterprises usually confirm the revenue of the purchase confirmation and confirm the receipt of the goods according to the shopping Department's confirmation. The difference between them is accounted for in the "goods issued", and the tax liability is not recognized. Only the end of the year will confirm the difference between the shipment of the enterprise and the purchase confirmation of the store.

The advantage of this method is that it overcomes the shortcoming of the way one, and reduces the capital occupation of the enterprise on tax in peacetime, and expands the space for the use of enterprise funds.

However, from the time when the tax liability of turnover tax occurs, it is unavoidable to be identified as a risk of delayed tax by the Inland Revenue Department.

At the same time, the recognition of taxes by the enterprises at the end of the year also increased the capital occupation by 86 thousand and 40.